Signal system for railways.



AEPLIGATION FILED AUG. 22

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ATENTED JUNE 9 w08l L. H. THLLEN. SIGNL SYSBM FORfR-ILWJYS,

, 1901iK BEEWED SEPT. 25.

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Be it known that 1,-LOUrsjH. THULLEN, -a citizen of the United-States,residin at Edgetvo'od Park, in the county of Alle-g eny and 45 State ofPennsylvania`,l^eliave invented 'cernew and usefullmprovementsin Signal4Systems for Railways, off-which the following a specification. -v l -Myinvention relates vto si nalingsystems4 and particularly to theapplication of such i systems to electric railways.

I will describe a signaling system embodying my invention and' itsapplication to an electric railway and then point out .the .novel i5features thereof in claims.

ln the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representationof an electric railway, and a si naling system embodying my inventionapplied thereto. Figs. 2 and 3 are eachdetail views showing modifiedforms ofa device or piece of apparatus involvedin my invention. f`Similar letters of reference designate corre, sponding parts in all ofthe 'gures; L 2.5 Referring now to the drawings, 'A'vdesig nates4 alines of at suitable points whereby the railway is divided into track orblock sections ina' 3c manner well understood in the art.v l Ihave shownone such 'track'section, as shallihere# f inaiter term them, @,andportions offtwoadjacent-track sections c2c? .B designates ageneratorfwhibh direct current generator orfan -l alternating currentgenerator as desired, for' 'generating current for the propulsion ojcarsjor. vehicles alongv the railway. ltheresho'wn "as a di- V currentgenerator.' ne/polelof the gene' 40 erator is connected in the usual-manner withl afline' conductor b along which 'travel the trolleys orshoesw carried by the'cars or vehicles. Wis an arbitraryrepresentationof a c'ar'o'rfvehicle'.` The other oleor' the generator B is connectedwith bot vtrack'rails in the fusual or ordinary manner. As shown itisconnected'with a cross bond'b2 shown inthe .form of inductive winding. v

ln order that the track rails may be em# eyed as a return for thepropulsion c urrent, lfprovideinductive' or impedance windings l?, D?)at the ends of each track section a actrica'lly-connected the middlepoints ,oison adjacent windings witheach V Specification of LettersPatent. 'i "application med August 22, 1904, serial No. 221,772.

vtrical connections ,between portion of a railway in which both railsare provided'with insulation axjwoodgorbrass.' The coilsin unequaSWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL l SIGNQL SYSTEM. FOR,RAILWAYS.

Patented'une 9, 190.

ARenewed September 26, 1905. Serial No. 280,176.

other. Each inductive Winding comprises- Aa magnetic current Z and adivided coil or Windingtosuch an extent as t, impair its efficiency asan impedance to the flow of an alternating current through` the coil ina single direction. The function of these windmgs, their relativearrangement and the elecadjacent coils at points is" set .forth in mycom pications iiled February 5th',

os. 192,145 and 192,146. The

their'. 'middle Pending a 1901i,l Seria present invention relates. moreparticularlyl .to-.- the construction 'of the '1ng s,' and particularlyto the magnetic circuit inductivewindof such windings. [l preferablyarrange the coreor construct it so that the magnetic circluitisiforrnedin part bya substance havin high permeability, such as steel or iron, an

a substance of low ject ci so forming the Apermeability such aS', o

cores as follows: The propulsion current returning from the motors willdivide itselt` equally between the track rails and the several inductivevwindings provided the ohmic resistance is the same inthe rails and theinductlve windings. As it is possible and 'probable' that t e resistancein both track railswill not be the same on account oi'inrperfect bondingetc., itbecomes necessary to provide against saturation or high magenetization of the cores of the inductive wind-A ings by the pro ulsioncurrent traversing the l) proportions, for should they become saturatedor highly magnetized the inductive Windingswill not effectively act asimpedance to ,the track circuit current. l.

therefore lso form the cores as to increase the reluctance of themagnetic circuit ofthe core,

therebyifkee ing the iron or other material composing t e core frombecoming highly magnetized flor saturated. For instance; suppose'thatthrough defective vjoints or bonding one track rail is 'made to conductmore propulsion current than the` other, then ,the difference betweenthecurrent carried by the twov track .rails would represent the currenttending to magnetize tliecores of the I magnetic circuit of-each core.

verator, and f, 1.feeder conductors extending inductive windings. If themagnetic circuit oi the cores of the inductive windings is composedpartly'of iron and partly of some other substance of low permeability,the coreswill not become' saturated by any reasonable amount of currenttraversing the winding. The' amount of current that could be made totraverse the windings without saturating the cones would depend upon[the length of the air gap or the-reluctance through the Therefore Ihave designed these inductive windings, the cores of which arecomposedof iron, .steel 'or othermaterial of high permeability or smallreluctance to the magnetic lines of force, and partly of a substancesuch as'wood or brass having avery low permeability or high reluctanceto the magnetic lines of force. 1

I do Vnot restrict myself to any material orv materials v-used in theconstruction of thecores of the inductive windings or any material knownto thearts having the qualificationsas stated above. These openings inthe magnetic circuits or the substitution of .materials of lowpermeability ycan be made variable and ladjustable tov suit theconditionsmet with 1n practice. Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate inductivewindings having difierent forms Yof cores.

.F designates an alternating current gentherefrom an along the line ofrailway. p

lG, 'G1 designate transformers, the primary windings of which are inmulti le circuit with'- the conductors* f, f1 while t eir secondarywindings are connectedwith the track'rails of the several tracksections. 'At least one transformer is provided for each trackfsection.Each track section is also provided with a translating device or relay Rwhich is in circuit with the track rails of itstrack section andpisoperated from the alternating y current in the tracksection to controlone indic'ation of the railway signal by the alternating current``supplied from Vthe transformer of that track section. Each trans--lating device may be substantiallv of the' form shown and described inmy Patent No.

Each track section is provided witha railway signal S which controls thepassage of trains through the track section. Each rail-. Way signal iscontrolled through a local circuit from the translating device R of itstrack section' in a manner well known in the art, and comprises a signaldevice', which byl its color or position relatively to its support givesindications of the service condition of the track section and mechanismwhich is automatically or manually operated as is well known in the art.

track sections, both rails of which are insulated, a track circuit foreach t lack section,fa

source of alternating current -supply foreach track circuit, va sourceof currentiorl propelling the cars, the track rails of thetrack sectionsforming a' return path therefor, and

means between adjacent tracky sections for permitting propulsion currentto pass from the track rails of one track section to the track rails lofanother track section, and havthan one substance. i -4 2. In a).signaling system for .electric' ralling a magnetic circuit composed ofmore ways, the ,fcombination with a plurality of.'

track sections, both rails of. which are insulated, a track circuit foreach rtrack section, a source of alternating current supply for eachtrack circuit, a source vof current for ropelling the cars, the trackrails of the trac sections forming a return pa-th therefor, and meansbetween adjacent track'sections for permitting 'propulsion curr-ent topass Jfrom the track rails of one track section to the track rails ofanother track section andhaving a magnetic circuit4 composed partly ofmetaland partly of another substance.

3. l In a signaling system for electric railways, the combination with aplurality of track sections, both rails of which are insulated, a trackcircuit for each track section, a source of alternating current supplyfor each track circuit, a source of current for propel-A ling thecars,.the track rails of the track sections forming areturn paththerefor, and'v meansl between adjacent track'sections for permittingpropulsion current to pass from.

the', track rails of one track section to the track rails of anothertrack section,'an.d hav-A ing a .magnetic'circuit composed partly of a..

magnetic substance and magnetic substance. l

. 4. In a signaling system for electric railways, the combination with aplurality of track sections, Aboth rails of which are insulated, a trackcircuit for each track section', a

partly of a non- .Source of alternating current supply for eachtrackcircuit, a source of current for propelling the cars, the track railsoi"the track sections Aforming areturn path therefor, and

-ways,`the combination with a plurality of track sections, both rails ofwhich are insulated, a track circuit for each track section, a'

source of current for 1propelling the cars, the track rails of the'tracsections forming a return path therefor, and means between adjacenttracksections for` ermitting the pro ,pulsion current to pass romthetrack rails fof one track section to the track rails of anothertrack' srction', and having a magnetic io Y 4circuit composed ofsubstance of low permeability bility.

anda substance of high permea- 6. In a signaling system for electricrailways, the combination with a'plurality of track sections, both railsof which are insu-A lated,'a track circuit foreach track section, a

'i trackcircuit, a source of 4 -of low permea ility to be non-magnetic.

7. In a signaling system for electric railways, the combination witha'plurality of track sections, both rails .of which'are insulated,atrack circuit for each track section, a 4 source-ofI alternatingcurrent supply for each track circuit, a source of current forpropelling the cars, the track rails'of the track sections forming areturn path therefor, said means being placed between the running rails:and iormedof a plurality of turns around an iron core, the ma eticcircuit of which is composed partly fo a substancehaving a lowpermeability and artly of a substancehav- A 'ing a ln' h permea ility,the substance of low permea ility to be non-magnetic. .8. In`a signalingsystem for electric rallways, the combination`l with a plurality oftrack sections, both rails of which 'are-insuj-lated, a track circuitfor each track section, ai .source of alternating current supply foreachtrack circuit, a source of current for-.propelility, said substance oflowling the `cars), the trackirailsnf the track sections forming ,areturn f ath therefor, and a means at each end of-t e track section forpermitting the propulsion current to pass 'from the track yrails of .onetrack section to the trackrails of'another Ysection and said means beinformed to be'unaffected by the .passage of t ep'r'opulsion currentthrough it,

and having a core constituting a magnetic circuit, of substances ofdifferentv permeabilities.

9. In a signaling system for electric. railways, the combination with aplurality of track sections,.both rails of which are insu-- lated, atrack circuitfor each track section, a

source f alternating current supply for each track circuit, a source of'current for propelling the cars, the track rails of the track sectionsformingv a return path therefor, and means being placed between therunning-rails,

andformed of a winding and a magnetic circuit of more than onesubstance.

10. In a system of automatic block signaling for electric railways andin combination with the trafiic'rails each divided into block sectionsby insulated-joints, inductive windings each comprising amagneticcircu'it composed Jof more than one substance, and a windingconnected v across the rails of the block sections, and. conductorsconnecting the middle points of' thecoils of adjacent inductiveWind-ings. p In testimony whereof I have signed my name to-this secification in the presence of two subscribe witnesses l l LOUIS THLLEN.Witnesses:

, I. W. SoHUMAKnn,

A. HERMnN WEGNER.

